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Terrorist Financing linked to Romance Fraud

Banking
Fraud and Scams
Terrorist Financing (TF)

Background:

A Jersey resident was a likely victim of a romance scam whereby the funds fraudulently obtained were sent to a European jurisdiction.

Suspicious Activity:

  • The reporting entity identified that the transaction was directly to a jurisdiction where Terrorist Financing (TF) was deemed a higher risk.
  • This jurisdiction was included in the Jersey Financial Services Commission (JFSC) D2 list and was highlighted on numerous commercial country risk databases as having terrorist links.
  • The account holder was receiving funds from a UK bank account for someone they had never met and onward transferring to the high-risk jurisdiction.

FIU Actions:

  • The FIU reviews all submissions and grades and prioritises them as appropriate.
  • TF-related cases will always be a “Code 1,” meaning the highest priority for immediate further work.
  • Whilst all members of the FIU have training in TF matters, we have several experts in TF matters who maintain additional connections and a deeper understanding of potential TF typologies.
  • A wide range of sources will be reviewed and checked to ascertain the facts of the submission and seek to expand our understanding.
  • The FIU engages both domestically and internationally with specialist counter-terrorism units and other FIUs to share our initial findings and seek further information from relevant stakeholders.
  • In addition to the D2 jurisdiction, the FIU identified the country as being on several high-risk TF jurisdiction lists, especially related to an International Finance Centre (IFC).
  • Distributions are made to named beneficiaries, i.e. charities/NGOs located in high-risk jurisdictions which are associated with terrorist activities or with persons that have been designated as terrorists, including countries that are subject of conflict.

Outcomes:

  • Local Investigation conducted by the relevant authority.

FIU Comment:

  • In this instance, the jurisdiction and lack of clarity on the recipient and how/why they were obtaining money was of concern.
  • Whilst this may appear an uncomplicated case, the relevance of the jurisdiction was critical for the FIU to assess the likely reason for the fraudulent activity.
  • It is often challenging to determine how funds may be further dispersed or used.
  • In this instance, it was not possible to determine if this was criminally or terrorism linked.
  • The findings and typology were further captured as a Fraud typology.

Related criminality:

Fraud and Scams

Frauds and scams are deceptive practices aimed at tricking individuals or organisations into giving up their money, personal information, or property.

Fraud typically involves a deliberate misrepresentation of the truth or concealment of essential facts to gain an unfair advantage. It can take many forms, such as identity theft, financial fraud, and investment scams. In these situations, the perpetrator usually uses false statements or fake documents to create a false impression, leading the victim to make decisions that result in financial loss.

Scams, are often more casual and can involve a wide range of schemes that aim to con people out of their money. Common types of scams include phishing emails that impersonate legitimate organisations to steal passwords or credit card information, lottery or prize scams that promise money in exchange for upfront fees, and romance scams that exploit emotional connections to gain financial support.

Both frauds and scams can have devastating effects on individuals and communities, leading to financial hardship and emotional distress. It’s important to stay informed and vigilant to protect indivdiuals and organisations from falling faul of their targetted attempts of deception and trickery.

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Terrorist Financing (TF)

TF refers to the activities and processes involved in providing financial support to individuals or groups that engage in terrorist activities. This funding can originate from various sources, including legitimate businesses, donations, and criminal activities such as drug trafficking or money laundering. The funds are often used to support operations, recruit members, and promote ideologies.

Effective TF can be covert, utilising complex financial networks to obscure the source and destination of funds. This makes it challenging for governments and organisations to track and disrupt these financial flows. Efforts to combat TF involve international cooperation, regulatory frameworks, and strategic measures aimed at identifying and cutting off funding sources to prevent acts of terrorism.

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